Turkish alphabet
| Letter | English sound | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| A a | /a/ | a’ as in father |
| B b | /b/ | b’ as in book |
| C c | /dʒ/ | j’ as in Joke |
| Ç ç | /tʃ/ | ch’ as in chimpanzee |
| D d | /d/ | d’ as in day |
| E e | /e/, /ɛ/ | e’ as in red or ‘a’ as in cat |
| F f | /f/ | f’ as in far |
| G g | /ɡ/, /ɟ/ | g’ as in game |
| Ğ ğ | /ɣ/1 | No equivalent, watch video below |
| H h | /h/ | h’ as in hot |
| I ı | /ɯ/ | e’ as in open |
| İ i | /i/ | i’ as in machine |
| J j | /ʒ/ | s’ as in pleasure |
| K k | /k/, /c/ | k’ as in kilo |
| L l | /l/, /ɫ/ | l’ as in life |
| M m | /m/ | m’ as in master |
| N n | /n/ | n’ as in nice |
| O o | /o/ | o’ as in more |
| Ö ö | /ø/ | u’ as in turn |
| P p | /p/ | p’ as in spin |
| R r | /ɾ/ | the ‘r’ as in car |
| S s | /s/ | s’ as in smile |
| Ş ş | /ʃ/ | sh’ as in shine |
| T t | /t/ | t’ as in stop |
| U u | /u/ | u’ as in ultimate |
| Ü ü | /y/ | u’ as in cube |
| V v | /v/ | v’ as in victory |
| Y y | /j/ | y’ as in you |
| Z z | /z/ | z’ as in zigzag |